First-Time Home Buyer Guide: Minnesota

Minnesota at a Glance

Can You Afford a Home in Minnesota?

Here is what it takes to buy the median Minnesota home ($335K) under three common down payment scenarios, using a 6.5% mortgage rate and the 28% income rule. All figures include principal, interest, property taxes (1.12%), and homeowners insurance ($2K/yr).

Minnesota’s First-Time Buyer Program

How Minnesota’s Program Works

The Minnesota Housing Start Up provides assistance in the form of a deferred-payment second loan. You receive the funds at closing to cover your down payment, but you make no monthly payments on this second loan — repayment is deferred until you sell the home, refinance, or pay off the first mortgage. This structure keeps your monthly housing cost lower while still giving you access to significant upfront assistance.

Deferred loans are interest-free in many programs, though some charge a low rate that accrues over time. The key advantage is cash-flow relief: your qualifying monthly payment only reflects the first mortgage, making it easier to meet lender DTI requirements. When you eventually sell or refinance, the deferred balance is repaid from the proceeds — by which point, home appreciation may have more than covered the amount owed.

Eligibility Requirements

While specific requirements vary by program year, the Minnesota Housing Start Up typically requires:

• First-time buyer status: Generally defined as not having owned a home in the past three years. Some programs make exceptions for veterans or buyers purchasing in targeted areas.
• Income limits: Household income must fall below a threshold set by the program, often tied to the area median income (AMI). Limits vary by county and household size.
• Purchase price caps: The home price must not exceed a maximum set by the program, which is typically aligned with FHA loan limits or a percentage of the area median home price.
• Homebuyer education: Completion of a HUD-approved homebuyer education course is required. Many programs accept online courses, which take 4-8 hours.
• Occupancy: The home must be your primary residence. Investment properties and second homes do not qualify.
• Minimum credit score: Most programs require a credit score of at least 620-640, though FHA-backed options may accept lower scores.

How to Apply

The application process for the Minnesota Housing Start Up generally follows these steps:

1. Find a participating lender. The program works through approved lenders — not all mortgage companies participate. Check the state housing authority website for a lender directory.
2. Complete homebuyer education. Enroll in and finish a HUD-approved course before or during the application process. Keep your certificate of completion; lenders will need it.
3. Get pre-approved. Your participating lender will evaluate your income, credit, and debts to confirm you qualify for both the first mortgage and the DPA program.
4. Find a home within program limits. Work with a real estate agent to find a property that meets the program price cap and any property condition requirements.
5. Apply through the program. Your lender submits the DPA application alongside your primary mortgage application. The two are processed together, and the assistance is delivered at closing.

Closing Costs in Minnesota

On the Minnesota median home of $335K, expect to pay approximately $5K in closing costs (1.4%% of the purchase price). This total typically includes title insurance, title search fees, recording fees, appraisal ($400-$600), credit report ($30-$50), lender origination charges, and prepaid escrow items (property taxes and homeowners insurance). Your actual costs will vary with the purchase price, lender, and loan type.

Minnesota imposes a real estate transfer tax of 0.33%, adding approximately $1K on a $335K purchase. While this is a moderate rate, it still adds to the cash needed at closing. Who pays the transfer tax — buyer, seller, or a split — depends on local custom and what you negotiate in the purchase agreement.

Minnesota does not require an attorney at closing — title companies handle most transactions. This can save you $500 to $1,500 compared to attorney-closing states. That said, first-time buyers may still benefit from hiring a real estate attorney to review documents, especially on a first purchase.

Buying Timeline & Advice for Minnesota

The Minnesota median home price of $335K puts it in the moderate range nationally. First-time buyers have the full range of financing options: FHA loans at 3.5% down ($12K), conventional loans at 5% ($17K) or 20% ($67K), and VA or USDA loans for eligible borrowers. Combined with closing costs of roughly $5K, plan to save between $16K and $72K depending on your loan type.

A typical home buying timeline in Minnesota runs 3-6 months from the start of your search to closing day. Expect to spend 2-4 weeks getting pre-approved, 4-8 weeks searching and making offers, and another 30-45 days from contract to close. In competitive markets within Minnesota, homes may move faster — having your pre-approval and DPA documentation ready before you start looking gives you an edge.

Plan your timeline carefully: start improving your credit score and reducing debts at least 6-12 months before you want to buy. Enroll in homebuyer education early — it is a requirement for most DPA programs, including the Minnesota Housing Start Up, and it will help you understand the process. Save consistently, automate transfers to a dedicated house fund, and get pre-approved before you start touring homes. First-time buyers who are well-prepared before entering the market close faster and negotiate better.

Cities to Consider in Minnesota

Home prices vary significantly across Minnesota. Here are cities in the state, sorted by median home price, to help you target your search.

Next Steps

Ready to take the next step? Use these tools to crunch the numbers for your situation:

Common Questions

First-Time Buyer Guides: Midwest Region